{"id":5594,"date":"2024-06-08T14:48:49","date_gmt":"2024-06-08T19:48:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/?p=5594"},"modified":"2024-12-31T19:20:48","modified_gmt":"2025-01-01T00:20:48","slug":"is-drake-black-enough-for-ya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/?p=5594","title":{"rendered":"Is Drake Black Enough For Ya?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"theconversation-article-title\" style=\"padding-left: 40px; text-align: center;\"><strong>Why do American rappers see Drake as not Black\u00a0enough?<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"theconversation-article-body\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The epic beef between rappers Kendrick Lamar and Drake has once again demonstrated the linguistic acrobatics of rap culture. The feud has seen both artists release multiple tracks where they lyrically diss each other. Beefs involve rappers disrespecting each other and can happen in diss tracks, but also through interviews, social media and other statements.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">When Lamar <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=T6eK-2OQtew\">viciously but masterfully raps<\/a> about Drake \u201ctryna to strike a chord and it\u2019s probably A minor,\u201d he is playing with language; using double entendre and homonym (A minor being a musical chord and also a reference to an underage child) to combine the literal, on-the-face-of-it meaning of a word and its other potential meanings.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Some might lament the spurious facts and <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/drake-kendrick-lamar-feud-what-does-the-law-say-about-defamatory-lyrics-229804\">salacious accusations<\/a> flowing between Lamar and Drake. The artists may hold lasting grudges against each other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.complex.com\/music\/a\/complex\/biggest-hip-hop-rap-feuds\">and the violent language of beefs can spill over into real life<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">However, beefs are more about self-conscious plays with language and meaning than about the claims they make. They are a testament to the power of language, using hyperbole, irony and innuendo to best insult one\u2019s opponent. Beefs acknowledge the social power of often derided forms of communication, like gossip and rumours.<a href=\"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/TicketStream\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5509\" src=\"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C.jpg 700w, http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C-300x300.jpg 300w, http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C-150x150.jpg 150w, http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C-375x375.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Criticisms of Drake<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Drake reminds us of this in one of his responses to Lamar, <em>The Heart Part 6<\/em>. The piece opens with a sample of Aretha Franklin\u2019s 1967 song <em>Prove It<\/em>, while the only \u201cproof\u201d Drake offers for his own claims is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.complex.com\/music\/a\/j-rose\/breaking-down-drakes-the-heart-part-6\">heart emoji<\/a> on an Instagram post.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Beefs are less about truth claims and more about showcasing skill and, just as importantly, performing identity through language.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"padding-left: 120px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HJeY-FXidDQ?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0\" width=\"440\" height=\"260\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><figcaption style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"caption\"><em>The Heart Part 6<\/em> by Drake.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Identity in rap is tied to authenticity, the connection an artist makes to their own autobiographical story and how that story connects to other identities. Canadian-born, mixed-race (<a href=\"https:\/\/people.com\/all-about-drake-parents-sandi-dennis-graham-7511262\">with a white mother and African American father<\/a>), Jewish and extraordinarily successful, Drake\u2019s authenticity is always challenged.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Critics took him to task for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-D6USHQMFDE\"><em>Started from the Bottom<\/em><\/a>, arguing that his roots in Toronto\u2019s affluent Forest Hill (<a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/MJ423XvumDI?si=nKR_gS2BGYuOS_Ak&amp;t=394\">which Drake disputes<\/a>) are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.torontostandard.com\/culture\/drake-didnt-start-from-the-bottom-why-do-we-care\/\">hardly the bottom<\/a>. Critics have also argued that his sensitive, \u201cnice guy\u201d persona <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/arts\/drake-s-megan-thee-stallion-lyric-is-just-the-latest-in-a-long-pattern-of-misogyny-1.6669462\">obscures misogyny<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/culture\/24152096\/drake-kendrick-lamar-misogyny-me-too-women-abuse#:%7E:text=The%20rappers%20each%20accused%20the,such%20serious%20claims%20floating%20around.\">and sexism<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">His sliding accents \u2014 a southern twang in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mUZrMNhM7fE\"><em>Fancy<\/em><\/a>, Jamaican patois in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=TjJZNdLSexU\"><em>We Caa Done<\/em><\/a> and a Toronto accent in Canadian rapper Preme\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rtodyi12q-4\"><em>DnF<\/em><\/a> \u2014 spawned accusations of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/nbcblk\/drakes-cultural-identity-kendrick-lamar-accusation-rcna150859\">cultural tourism<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">While such criticisms circulate on numerous platforms, beefs often target Drake\u2019s race. Lamar calls Drake \u201coff-white\u201d in his diss track <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/kendricklamar\/reel\/C6gdClArPXc\/\"><em>6:16 in LA<\/em><\/a>. Rapper Rick Ross just calls him a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4fn7c1s7J5s\">white boy<\/a>\u201d and in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=w4XH3LYleDA\"><em>The Story of Adidon<\/em><\/a>, Pusha T raps:<\/p>\n<blockquote style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cConfused, always thought you weren\u2019t Black enough<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Afraid to grow it \u2019cause your \u2018fro wouldn\u2019t nap enough.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">In his song <em><a href=\"https:\/\/genius.com\/Common-stay-schemin-remix-lyrics\">Stay Schemin\u2019 (Remix)<\/a><\/em>, American rapper Common says:<\/p>\n<blockquote style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cYou so Black and white, trying to live a n****\u2019s life<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">I\u2019m taking too long with this amateur guy<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">You ain\u2019t wet nobody, n****, you Canada dry.<a href=\"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/TicketStream\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5509\" src=\"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C.jpg 700w, http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C-300x300.jpg 300w, http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C-150x150.jpg 150w, http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TICKETSTREAM-BANNER-C-375x375.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Rap and Canadian-ness<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">These lines emphasize how Drake is constructed as a Canadian who is not Black enough to claim an authentic connection to African-American hip hop culture. In <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=phLb_SoPBlA\">Not Like Us<\/a><\/em> Lamar suggests that Drake needs to mimic rappers like Future, Lil Baby and 21 Savage to gain &#8220;street cred.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Claims of mimicry haunt Canadian hip hop but have also seen pushback. In 1994, Canadian rapper Maestro Fresh Wes released the album, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discogs.com\/release\/1271139-Maestro-Fresh-Wes-Naaah-Dis-Kid-Cant-Be-From-Canada\">Naaah, Dis Kid Can\u2019t Be From Canada?!!<\/a><\/em> that, in the words of <a href=\"https:\/\/ecwpress.com\/products\/black-like-who\">Africana studies professor Rinaldo Walcott<\/a>, \u201ctargets the narrative of hip hop as an African-American invention,\u201d disturbing the need for what he calls \u201cmimetic identification\u201d with the United States.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Long before Drake, Maestro produced Canadian raps challenging the idea that hip hop\u2019s authenticity depends on U.S. citizenship.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"padding-left: 120px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ZG1xk4Fu7nE?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0\" width=\"440\" height=\"260\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><figcaption style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"caption\"><em>Certs Wid Out Da Retsyn<\/em> by Maestro Fresh Wes.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">But Drake\u2019s Canadian-ness intersects with his mixed-race identity. The U.S. and Canada construct Blackness in similar, but unidentical, ways. <a href=\"https:\/\/hellobeautiful.com\/2171925\/drake-biracial-race-black-white-jewish-village-voice-interview\/\">Drake himself has suggested<\/a> that emphasis on his whiteness is heightened in an American context: \u201cThat\u2019s a very American thing \u2026 light skin and dark skin.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">When Black Canadians enter the U.S. public sphere, where Blackness is visible in historically contingent ways, their own lived experience as Black Canadians can make performing Blackness in a U.S. context fraught.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The cover of Pusha T\u2019s <em>The Story of Adidon<\/em> is a photo of Drake in blackface. It is a shocking image. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mtv.com\/news\/nz7h9b\/drake-blackface-statement#:%7E:text=This%20picture%20is%20from%202007,once%20wrongfully%20portrayed%20in%20entertainment.%22\">Responding in an official statement<\/a>, rather than song, Drake explained that:<\/p>\n<blockquote style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cThis picture is from 2007, a time in my life where I was an actor and I was working on a project that was about young Black actors struggling to get roles, being stereotyped and typecast. The photos represented how African Americans were once wrongfully portrayed in entertainment.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Drake\u2019s use of \u201cAfrican Americans\u201d in his statement assumes an American audience, erasing the specificity of Black Canadian experiences that, presumably, Drake was at least in part attempting to address when he was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt0288937\/characters\/nm1013044\">still working<\/a> on the Canadian production of <em>Degrassi: The Next Generation<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Whether blackface can ever be reclaimed as an anti-racist act (as Drake seems to suggest it can), it is worth noting that dominant narratives position blackface as American, even though minstrelsy was historically prevalent and <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-problem-with-blackface-97987\">popular in Canada<\/a>. This may be why Drake \u2014 Canadian and mixed race \u2014 uses the term African American, a reminder that Blackness itself is often positioned outside Canada.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Canadian rappers who have gained fame both globally and within Canada are often linked to other nations. K\u2019naan of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VrurenhpPxE\"><em>Wavin\u2019Flag<\/em><\/a> fame was often referred to by the media as Somali Canadian, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca\/en\/article\/shad\">Shad<\/a> \u2014 host of Hip Hop Evolution \u2014 is identified as Rwandan. Drake\u2019s friend Preme is noted to be of Guyanese descent, and even Scarborough-born <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/life\/holiday\/christmas-caribbean-style-kardinal-offishall-latoya-forever-and-more-share-their-favourite-food-traditions-1.4949866\">Kardinal Offishall<\/a> is identified with Jamaica, where his parents immigrated from.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">As a Black man, Drake does not fully belong inside a nation <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2935447?origin=crossref\">always imagined as white<\/a>, but neither does he fully belong to the imagined communities \u2014 immigrant or racialized \u2014 to which Canada expects Black individuals to belong. Absent cultural belonging to the state of his birth, to the U.S. and its history of hip hop geography or to nodes in the Black diaspora, perhaps it is unsurprising that Drake adopts the sounds of others in a bid for hip hop authenticity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Echoing Pusha T, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2QiFl9Dc7D0\">Lamar says of Drake<\/a>, \u201che lives inside confusion.\u201d But arguably that \u201cconfusion\u201d also lives outside of Drake. Drake, as told through Common, Pusha T or Lamar\u2019s beefy language, becomes a sign of an uneasy Blackness.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Not because, as Pusha T claims, Drake himself is uncomfortable with his own Black identity, but because these representations of Drake render Canadian Blackness and Canadian anti-Black racism invisible, even while suggesting that Drake is not quite Black enough for hip hop.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/229975\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" \/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/alexandra-boutros-1534234\">Alexandra Boutros<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/wilfrid-laurier-university-1817\">Wilfrid Laurier University<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/alexandra-boutros-1534234\">Alexandra Boutros<\/a>, Associate Professor of Cultural and Communication Studies, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/wilfrid-laurier-university-1817\">Wilfrid Laurier University<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/why-do-american-rappers-see-drake-as-not-black-enough-229975\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Every product\/service is selected by editors. Things you buy through these links may earn &#8220;Alliance Media Group and &#8220;Streamapse Magazine&#8221; a commission or revenue.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why do American rappers see Drake as not Black\u00a0enough? The epic beef between rappers Kendrick Lamar and Drake has once again demonstrated the linguistic acrobatics of rap culture. The feud has seen both artists release multiple tracks where they lyrically diss each other. Beefs involve rappers disrespecting each other and can happen in diss tracks, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3458,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,159],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-videos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5594"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5595,"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5594\/revisions\/5595"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/streamapse.com\/Magazine\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}